Effects & Applications
- Thermometer: Thermal expansion is used in temperature measurements in thermometers.

- Bimetal strip: It consist of two thin strips of different metals such as brass and iron joined together. On heating the strip, the brass expands more than the iron. This unequal expansion causes the bending of the strip. Bimetal strips are used for various purposes; they are used to measure temperature especially in furnaces and ovens. They are used in thermostats; a bimetal thermostat is used to control the temperature of the heater coil in an electric iron.

- Riveting: To join steel plates tightly together, red hot rivets are forced through holes in the plates. The end of hot rivets is then hammered. On cooling, the rivets contract and bring the plates tightly gripped.

- Removing tight lids: To open the cap of a bottle that is very tight, it can be immersed in hot water for about a minute. This causes the metal cap to expand and become loose.

- Railway tracks: They have gaps to make allowance for expansion due to a rise in temperature, otherwise the rails would buckle.

Other effects and applications of thermal expansion are found in fixing a metallic circular strip on a wooden tyre of a cart, buckling, expansion gap, anti-scalding valve, thermostat, cooking utensils, electric fire alarm, expansion of glass, sagging of telegraph wires, railway lines, steel bridges, etc.

Note: Thermal expansion is small but it does not always have an insignificant effect.

Introduction
Expansion means an increase in the size of an object. Most solids and liquids expand when heated and contract when cooled. When heat is provided to a body, its particles gets hot and vibrate with greater amplitude; space between particles becomes more prominent. This increase in amplitude causes an increase in the body’s length; this is called thermal expansion.

According to the kinetic molecular theory, when an object is heated, the molecules acquire more kinetic energies which enables them to overcome their intermolecular forces. Therefore, the vibrations of the molecules increase and their displacements about their mean positions increase. As a result of this, the average distance between the molecules of the substance becomes larger reading an increase in the size of the substance. This increase in the dimension of the heated object depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces. If their forces are stronger, the expansion will be small and vice versa.

The intermolecular forces are stronger in solids than in liquids and weakest in gases. Hence, when heat is applied, gases expand more than liquids and liquids expand more than solids. Each particular substance has an intermolecular force peculiar to it. Therefore, the addition of heat causes different expansions in different substances.

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Webster’s dictionary defines authority as 1) “the power or right to give commands, to take action and 2) power of influence, resulting from knowledge.” Jesus says in Luke 10:19, “Behold, I give you the authority to trample on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and nothing shall by any means hurt you.”
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First John 1:9 states, “If we confess our sins, He is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.”
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Second Corinthians 4:2 says, “But we have renounced the hidden things of shame . . . ” 4. You must bind the enemy and cast him out.
According to Matthew 18:18, “Whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.”
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“For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, being justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God set forth as a propitiation by His blood, through faith, to demonstrate His right-eousness” (Rom. 3:23–25, emphasis added).