RAISING DAY OLD CHICKS TO GROWERS ■Day 1-day 7 - The chicks need to be in a brooder. What is a Brooder? - a brooder is a simple construction that is used to raise chicks until a point they are not so vulnerable. - brooders maybe small rooms, wood construction, brooder boxes etc. - chicks should stay in a brooder for at least 3 weeks - 4 weeks ●How to make a good brooder! - make sure the brooder is not cold. ( provide source of heat ie. 100,watts Bulb, hot water bottles, brooder pots, etc) - consider constructing brooders that's not too big and not too small. -clean and disinfect the brooder before receiving chicks - provide enough drinkers and enough feeders - make sure the brooder is free from insects, rodents and mature chicken. - provide dry dusting materials (saw dust or rice husks). ■Feeding chicks between day 1-day 7 - the best feed at this age is starter (crumbs or mash). - starter crumbs - fugo starter mash - pembe starter mash - at this age avoid mixing of the feed with jenga, omena, pellets etc. You can mix starter crumbs and starter mash at a proportional ration. - Avoid feeding broiler starter crumbs for chicks that are not broilers. ●Drugs . - chick formula (egocin,veta chick start, poltricin, vitamet chick etc, dosage (one teaspoon for 5lts, ½teaspoon for 2 litres and ¼teaspoon for one litre) - aliseryl (this is a blend of various vitamins that will help your chicks grow fast with strength and energy. Also helps chicks boost the appetite and also helps in preventing numerous diseases). Dosage same as chick formula - liquid paraffin- this is not the normal paraffin we use at homes. This is a medicated paraffin that helps relieve constipation, helps in digestion, prevents injuries to alimentary canal and helps chicks to pass soft droppings. - so week one give a combinations of chick formula, aliseryl and liquid paraffin ■Give Newcastle at day 7_ Day 8- day 14 ■Feeds -Same as previous week - ●Drugs -continue with chick formula - use coccidiostat (biosol, coccid, vetatrim, biotrim etc) in place of aliseryl. This will help to prevent coccidiocis. - drop liquid paraffin so, second week you give a combination of coccid+chick formula -give gumboro vaccine at day 14 ■Day 15- day 21 - feed as previous week ●Drugs - combination of vitamin and antibiotics ( aliseryl, neoxy vitamin, miramed, agranyl etc) - repeat Newcastle vaccine ■Day 22- day 28 ●Feed . Start introducing chick mash. (Mixing chick mash with starter ) - incase you started with crumbs, continue giving crumbs until they are 7 weeks old. ●Drugs - give coccidiostat - repeat gumboro at day 28. ■Week 5. Here the chicks are old enough and can survive out of the brooder. ●Feeds - chick mash/ chick crumbs( or mixture of mash and crumbs) ●Drugs - vitamins. ■Week 6 Feeds- as in week 5 Drugs, coccidiostat and strexia ●Vaccinate fowl pox._ ■Week 7 ●Feeds - gradually introduce growers( mix chick mash and growers) - drugs - feed suppliments ie molar plus, vigosine or tonophos. ■Week 8 Feeds, growers mash( you can mix with pellets, omena, jenga etc) 10 kgs of growers (mixed rations) .- 6kgs growers mash - 1kg jenga - 1kg omena -1 kg pellets - 1/2 kg ngano -¼kg sunflower -¼kg cotton ●Drugs -vitamins and antibiotics -vaccinate fowl typhoid. Follow up Abdulrafeeh Abdulkareem #broiler #feed #feeding #chicken #farming #farmlife #farmer #farm #farmersmarket #Agriculture #Agricultural #agriculturelife #agri #pullet

Whenever thinking of poultry farming, Seven things you must need to know: 1. Market research It is very important to critically look at the demand that needs to be met. Is there high demand for table eggs, out grower chicken or broiler meat? Most start-up farmers go by what a friend or relative or neighbouring farmer is doing and hope to reap the benefits. It is important that you take your time to talk to clients or potential customers and listen to them. Do a survey on restaurants, hotels, open air or takeaway eateries, supermarkets and delis and collect as much data as possible. Ask questions about seasonal trends of products that you intend to bring into the market. Sometimes your assumptions may not match your survey results or outcome, so be ready to change your original plans and make new decisions. 2. Farm location A poultry farm can be located on any dry land anywhere in the country as it is not dependent on any weather patterns. However, the ideal location would be outskirts of urban or peri-urban cities where there is ready market for both meat and eggs. Construct your farm where there is access to all weather road, away from riparian land that experience occasional flooding and landslide. 3. Housing system The most common housing system in this country is deep litter, where the entire floor is covered by wood shaving and the other equipment like nest boxes, feeders and drinkers are centrally located. It is best suited for all types of birds and conforms to animal welfare requirement. The free-range type is common for Sasso chicken with a bit of housing at night and scavenging in an open enclosure. In organic farming, the chickens are most of the time on free range scavenging and are on restricted commercial feed with no use of antibiotics and any additive. 4. Demand for building The most ideal house in this region must be open sided rectangular shaped structure, with roof made of iron sheet or locally available waterproof material. The long side of the house must be on an East-west orientation to reduce direct sunlight on the chicks. Side walls should be 2-3 feet high made of bricks, iron sheet or block and the rest covered by wire mesh and chicken netting at 6-7 feet high. The floor could be concreted or compacted with red soil. 5. Choice of breed and supplier If you want to keep commercial layers, choose type of breed which is hardy with low mortality rate, fast growth rates, high peak production, long peak period and good persistence (like Bovans brown). If it is for both meat and egg production, look for a breed of high feed conversion efficiency, and of good tasty and tender quality meat (like dual purpose Sasso). 6. Optimal health protection Threats to your flock will include but not limited to protozoal and parasitic diseases, bacteria, yeast and mold and viral infections. You will need good rearing conditions that include proper brooding, temperature control, ventilation and humidity as well as quality water and adequate feed supply all the time. Biosecurity is pivotal to your success; the premises must be highly sanitised within and around the site with limited flock visits to only authorised personnel. Vaccination schedule must be followed to the letter and must be chosen based on efficacy and administered professionally. 7. Record keeping Anything that cannot be counted cannot be measured. Most farmers ignore the value of good record keeping. Feed being the highest production cost in poultry production, means that it must be weighed to the level of grammes fed/bird/day, and weight sampling must be done on weekly basis to establish production efficiency. Sharing for you people to among the benefit .credit to the rightful owner. For more Keep following Nicholas Pleysier #agriculture #farming #poultryfarming #southafrica #Zimbabwe #Zambia #Malawi #

Seven (7) poultry rules for your farm: Do you have passion for poultry and really wish to stay long in the business? Then, obey these rules! A.Rule (1) ..."Only order for birds you can conveniently take care of". This is the most important rule of all. Instead of stocking 500 birds and then struggle to feed them or give them medication, buy 200 ,feed and give them good medication. Trust me, you'll make more profit than keeping 500 and struggling to feed and give the medication. If this happens, you'll battle with stunted growth, recurrent morbidity or disease outbreaks and high mortality. B.Rule (2) ..."Never borrow money to start poultry business unless you are an expert". Of course, there is no expert in poultry business. In fact, we learn everyday. Every stock you take in will always teach you something different. However, Haven learnt from all the different characteristics displayed by each stock, you get to know more and won't be excited when challenges come. You'll know how to handle them without much damage. C.Rule (3) ..."Be vigilant". The little things you don't take as anything matters. If you want to succeed in poultry, you must take it as a real business. Do you know what a business man does every morning when he gets to his store? He pray, then open the store and go round to check if everything is in its place. He take stocks of what he met there and relate with his records yesterday before closing the store. Don't just open your Pen and start rushing to give your birds feed and water and rush out again. Check around. Watch how they behave when you came in. Check what fell and what is no longer in its place. D.Rule (4) ..."Never ignore warning signals". Yes, I call them warning signals. 1.Bad smell 2.Withdrawal from feed 3.Moodiness 4.Withdrawal from water There are numerous warning signals i can't mention here. In fact, they are so many A farmer must know how his birds behaves !! For more Keep following Nicholas Pleysier #agriculture #poultryfarming #southafrica #Zambia #chickenfarming #Malawi #Zimbabwe #farming

QUAIL FARMING IS ONE OF THE MOST PROFITABLE AND MOST PROMISING Here are ten (10) good reasons to start quail farming: 1. Quail are easy to raise and require little space. 2. They are fast growing and produce eggs quickly. 3. Quail eggs are more nutritious than chicken eggs, containing more protein and vitamins. 4. Quails have a low breeding cost compared to other farm animals. 5. They are resistant to diseases and parasites. 6. Quails produce little waste and are therefore more environmentally friendly. 7. They do not require much care and can be raised by people new to breeding. 8. They are silent and do not disturb the neighborhood. 9. Quail can be raised for meat, eggs or even as pets. 10. They can be an additional source of income for farmers or individuals.

Passion alone is not enough in agriculture please also pay attention to the following if you want to run a profitable agricultural venture! They're the reasons a lot of people fail in this venture 1. Ignoring the value of diversification in buyers – Relying on a single buyer can be risky; aim for a diverse customer base. 2. Underestimating startup costs – Ensure you have sufficient capital for equipment, breeding stock, seeds, land, and labour. 3. Overplanting/ overstocking without a market – Don’t grow more than you can sell or store. 4. Lack of irrigation planning – Proper water management is crucial for crop success. 5. Not tracking finances – Keep detailed records of income, expenses, and profitability. 6. Relying too much on one crop/ animals – Diversify crops and animals to spread risks and ensure steady income. 7. Neglecting marketing efforts – Growing crops is only half the battle; marketing them effectively is crucial. 8. Mismanaging equipment – Maintain equipment regularly to avoid costly breakdowns. 9. Rushing into large-scale farming – Start small to manage risks and gradually scale up as you gain experience. 10. Failing to secure contracts – Without agreements in place, you risk not having buyers for your produce. 11. Over-fertilizing – Too much fertilizer can damage crops and pollute the environment. 12. Underestimating the importance of record-keeping – Tracking weather, harvest times, and crop performance helps improve future yields. 13. Not networking with other farmers – Joining farming communities, cooperatives and events can offer valuable support and opportunities. 14. Mismanaging cash flow – Plan for periods of low income between planting and harvest. 15. Neglecting a business plan – Farming is a business and needs a solid plan for success. 16. Production of your own feeds - If you keep livestock irrespective of the type; goat, cattle, sheeps, poultry etc you must produce your feeds if not profitability will be hard!

A good story Tittle Never to Give Up One day a farmer's donkey fell down into a well. The animal cried piteously for hours as the farmer tried to figure out what to do. Finally he decided the animal was old and the well needed to be covered up anyway it just wasn't worth it to retrieve the donkey. He invited all his neighbors to come over and help him. They all grabbed a shovel and begin to shovel dirt into the well. At first, the donkey realized what was happening and cried horribly. Then, to everyone's amazement he quieted down. A few shovel loads later, the farmer finally looked down the well and was astonished at what he saw. With every shovel of dirt that fell on his back, the donkey was doing some thing amazing. He would shake it off and take a step up. As the farmer's neighbors continued to shovel dirt on top of the animal, he would shake it off and take a step up. Pretty soon, everyone was amazed as the donkey stepped up over the edge of the well and totted off! Moral: Life is going to shovel dirt on you, all kinds of dirt. The trick is too not to get bogged down by it. We can get out of the deepest wells by not stopping. And by never giving up! Shake it off and take a step up!

Wolf The wolf (Canis lupus;[b] pl.: wolves), also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of Canis lupus have been recognized, including the dog and dingo, though gray wolves, as popularly understood, only comprise naturally-occurring wild subspecies. The wolf is the largest wild extant member of the family Canidae, and is further distinguished from other Canis species by its less pointed ears and muzzle, as well as a shorter torso and a longer tail. The wolf is nonetheless related closely enough to smaller Canis species, such as the coyote and the golden jackal, to produce fertile hybrids with them. The wolf's fur is usually mottled white, brown, gray, and black, although subspecies in the arctic region may be nearly all white. Of all members of the genus Canis, the wolf is most specialized for cooperative game hunting as demonstrated by its physical adaptations to tackling large prey, its more social nature, and its highly advanced expressive behaviour, including individual or group howling. It travels in nuclear families consisting of a mated pair accompanied by their offspring. Offspring may leave to form their own packs on the onset of sexual maturity and in response to competition for food within the pack. Wolves are also territorial, and fights over territory are among the principal causes of mortality. The wolf is mainly a carnivore and feeds on large wild hooved mammals as well as smaller animals, livestock, carrion, and garbage. Single wolves or mated pairs typically have higher success rates in hunting than do large packs. Pathogens and parasites, notably the rabies virus, may infect wolves. The global wild wolf population was estimated to be 300,000 in 2003 and is considered to be of Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Wolves have a long history of interactions with humans, having been despised and hunted in most pastoral communities because of their attacks on livestock, while conversely being respected in some agrarian and hunter-gatherer societies. Although the fear of wolves exists in many human societies, the majority of recorded attacks on people have been attributed to animals suffering from rabies. Wolf attacks on humans are rare because wolves are relatively few, live away from people, and have developed a fear of humans because of their experiences with hunters, farmers, ranchers, and shepherds.

https://nairametrics.com/2024/11/07/farmers-bride-grosses-n154-million-as-nigerian-box-office-nears-n8-billion/

There was a farmer whose name is aminu,aminu have four wife,their name was Chioma,hafsat, Rashida and engozi.

MOST COMMON MISTAKES THAT FARMERS MAKE ON ARRIVAL OF DAY OLD CHICKS. A lot of farmers have lost a number of birds(DOC) due to mistakes done on arrival. 1 Delay to heat up the brooder before arrival of birds . The brooder should be heated up 2-3hrs before chicks are introduced. This enables the room to have favourable temperatures that are required by the birds. 2 Giving feed as soon as chicks are introduced to the brooder. It's important to note that birds should be given water containing glucose and vitamin for atleast 2hrs before giving them feed. This will enable them have some moisture in their GIT that facilitates digestion and absorption of nutrients. 3 Using bigger feeders It's noted that birds can't access feed when served in this big feeders in their 1st week. We therefore encourage use of trays for the first week and later on change to baby feeders and progress as they grow. 4 Use of tarpaulin in place of brooder paper. This pre-disposes your birds to coccidiosis at an early age. Tarpaulin holds fowl droppings without absorption,predisposing to coccidiosis. 5 Use of feed that has big particles. Starter feeds should always have very tiny particles close to mash. This enables faster digestibility and birds can easily pick them unlike when they are big. 6 Failure to cover husks with brooder paper. Day old chicks can't differentiate between litter and feed. When husks are not covered in the first 3 days, birds peck at them and causes blockage of the oesophagus. This fills the crop thus leaving no space for feed. This can be evidenced by constipation and pm results. 7 Too much heat in the brooder which causes dehydration and constipation. 8 Inadiquate spacing To mention but few...... To give your birds a good start,always give glucoses & good multivitamin to reduce mortality during brooder stage.